I had a really enlightening conversation with a friend yesterday that had some interesting parallels to a conversation I had with another friend several weeks ago. Both friends are philosophers, both work at different universities, both work at 'teaching schools' (i.e. small liberal-arts colleges), and both have served on search committees.

One interesting parallel between my two friends concerns their graduate programs. One of them received their PhD from an Leiter 'unranked' school, the other from a fairly well-ranked (but not 'Leiterific') school. The friend from the unranked school noted that their unranked program has a far higher TT job-placement rate than many Leiter-ranked schools (as reported in Jennings et al's 2015 placement report). This friend speculated that this is because their grad program doesn't try to compete for research jobs. Their PhD program didn't obsess over things like journal rankings (they said this is something that wasn't even talked about). Instead, while their program cares about research, they focus primarily on preparing their graduates for teaching jobs–getting their grad students a lot of solo-teaching opportunities, developing their pegagogy, and so on. Further, this friend remarked to me that this really stood out to them as a search committee member. The person noted that many applicants present as a 'terrible fit' for a job a teaching school like theirs (I'll return to some reasons why below). 


That's my first friend. My second friend (the one from the Leiter-ranked PhD program) told me several weeks ago that about a decade ago, their program changed placement directors due to problems placing job-candidates. This person told me that the new placement director changed their program's emphasis. The new placement director's maxim is evidently something like this, "We don't shoot for those jobs [R1 jobs]. We know we can't compete against Harvard, Princeton, and NYU for them. So, we prepare our graduates for jobs they can actually expect to get: jobs at teaching schools" Evidently, this program–like my first friend's program–now focuses on getting its grad students a lot of teaching experience. It also, apparently–just like my first friend's program–now has a TT placement rate well above 50% (far above the average for grad programs reported by Jennings et al.).

What does this suggest? To be fair, it's just two anecdotes. Still, as anecdotes, they seem to me to both support the hypothesis I ventured a while ago (about why a certain profile of job-candidate is having trouble getting jobs), as well as also support the strategies I suggested programs and job-candidates adopt for grappling with that issue. This especially seems true to me given some of the other things my friend said to me about their experience on a search committee. Although I've invited this person to write some guest-posts on these things (and hope they will!), here are some of the things they said to me (I paraphrase):

  • "The reason I think my grad program does so well is that our graduates aren't playing the same game as everyone else. All of the Leiter-ranked programs' candidates are fighting for the same types jobs. You've got 90 out of 100 candidates coming across as researchers more than as teachers. That means the pool for candidates for research jobs is enormous. There are very few research jobs, and almost all of the candidates are fighting for them. Because many of them focus so much on research and neglect teaching, the pool of candidates who are actually good candidates for teaching jobs is far smaller. So, programs and candidates who really pitch themselves for teaching jobs actually have a better chance at getting TT jobs [note: once again, this person's unranked grad program has a spectacular placement rate]."
  • "It's clear to me from being on a search committee that worst thing to be is a candidate coming out of a lower Leiter-ranked school. Those schools have the same research-heavy ethos as the Leiterific programs, but their graduates are always going to struggle to beat out Leiterific candidates for research jobs and are poorly prepared for teaching jobs."
  • "Many candidates only or primarily have experience as TA's or maybe one or two solo-taught courses, which is totally insufficient for getting a job at an institution like mine."
  • "Many candidates go wrong by writing in their cover letters about how they've published in high-ranking journals like Nous, etc. That shows they don't understand the kind of culture here."
  • "Too many candidates lead off their cover letters with a paragraph on their research. This also shows they are a bad fit for a school like mine."
  • "Too many cover letters come across as boiler-plate, stock letters with only a few sentences changed to make it apply to my school. It matters a great deal how much a person shows they know about our school and how they would fit here."
  • "Originality matters a lot, both in research and teaching. We need people can do a lot of different things. The kinds of candidates who do well on the teaching market are those who are outside of the norm–doing things differently than most of the other candidates out there." 

Tellingly, this person said these things independently of my Secrets of Search Committees series on fit and originality, etc. (which they hadn't read). I hope to have them on as a guest-author soon, as I think it would be good for readers to hear some of these things in more detail from someone other than me. Still, in the meantime, I thought I would share the gist of their thoughts, as I was astonished at how similar their thoughts and experiences are to the ones I have discussed across several different job-market series.

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9 responses to “Two enlightening job-market conversations”

  1. AnonGrad

    I, for one, would be very interested to hear from your two friends here as guest-authors. Before then, I was simply wondering about a general point they both brought up (and perhaps others will have insightful things to say as well), namely that to be competitive for teaching jobs one needs to have a lot of teaching experience. That of course makes perfect sense, but I simply would want to have a better idea on what “a lot of teaching experience” means in practice. If teaching one or two courses is not enough, how many will be? Also, how do “teaching schools” look at summer/winter teaching and online teaching? Does TA experience have any weight at all? In other words, for example, would fantastic TA evals offset a rather low number of courses taught as main instructor?

  2. Amanda

    Interesting question. My guess is for teaching schools, TA experience doesn’t mean a lot. I have found TAing is MUCH different from teaching your own classes. And it is much easier to be liked and receive high evaluations as a TA than an instructor. What might overcome this, is if you show in your materials that you are truly creative and innovative.
    I have never served on a search committee, but if I was on a teaching school search committee it would be easy to hold lack of solo teaching experience against a candidate. It is easy to get adjunct jobs in the US, and if a grad student hadn’t bothered to at least try teaching their own course, I would question their commitment to a teaching school. But that’s just me.

  3. Amanda

    Oh, and I would add that if you have taught your own online classes that is a big plus.

  4. Marcus Arvan

    AnonGrad: from my own experience and talking with my two friends, my sense is that TA experience matters very little. We are hiring teachers, not TA’s, and the fact is, as Amanda notes, that TA-ing and full-time teaching (especially at my university) are vastly different. This is a really important issue people need to understand. I’m going to write a new post in the series on it.
    In any case, winter and summer solo-teaching are good. Online teaching is okay, but only if you have experience teaching solo in the classroom. In terms of how many solo-courses is good, the answer: the more the better. One or two solo-taught courses is really not enough. A lot of candidates for teaching jobs have experience teaching a fairly good variety of courses (e.g. 5-7+ different courses). This is what people who want jobs at teaching schools need to shoot for: MORE. Amanda is an excellent case-study. I’m sure she stood out in the pile of applications as (seriously!), like, one of the only people who went out of their way to get teaching experience in grad school. It matters.

  5. AnonGrad

    Thanks to you both, Amanda and Marcus. This is all really helpful. I must confess, though, I was surprised and perhaps even a little disheartened by the fact that you two seem to agree that TA weighs very little. Don’t get me wrong — at the end of the day, I think TA experience should weigh very little. I also think the point you both made that TA-ing and full-time teaching are very, very different is absolutely spot on. However, not only is it my experience that being a TA at my institution involves quite a lot of careful, creative planning and pedagogical training, for administrative and other reasons that I don’t fully understand, our graduate students do not get to teach their own classes that often (I’d say two or three would be REALLY high for us). This is perhaps too general a question, but other than teaching experience per se, is there anything else that might make a candidate stand out for teaching-oriented jobs?

  6. Marcus Arvan

    AnonGrad: I think your case is fairly representative. Many programs seem to go out of their way to prevent their PhD students from getting adequate teaching experience. This is something that needs to change. Or people need to do what Amanda did (and I did, to a lesser extent) and get teaching experience outside their grad program “under the radar.”
    In terms of your question, the answer is mostly ‘no.’ Teaching schools are looking for people with substantial experience teaching. Publishing consistently may help. So may taking on service opportunities. But anyone who lacks a substantial record of independent teaching will tend to be at a real disadvantage relative to those who have it.

  7. Amanda

    How is your school ranked? If it is not a top 15, then you will probably do yourself good by trying to stand out in the teaching market. And even if your school does have exceptional TA training, which is great, my guess is (1) that will be hard to show in a cover letter/CV and (2) it is still not solo teaching experience. Go teach an adjunct course if you want to help yourself. I only taught 2 solo courses at my grad program, and the rest was at a state school 30 minutes away. The best way to do this is to look at state schools (or liberal arts schools, or community colleges – almost everywhere in the US there is one of these opportunities within a 30 minute drive) in your area, and go talk to the chair in office hours. This will for sure make you stand out and give you a very good chance of teaching a course right away. Those who send in a CV to a school will probably get an adjunct gig eventually, but it might take a while. It is those who are willing to go out of their way (by seeking out adjunct opportunities, and by making the point to see a chair in person) who get rewarded.

  8. Amanda

    As far as what else besides teaching experience can make you stand out, doing things like workshops, cover letters that stress teaching, having gone to a liberal arts school as an undergrad and talking about that experience. I had a friend who got a job that way – she did not have a ton of solo teaching experience but had went to an institution similar to the one where she got a job. There have been other posts on this. But usually all these other things are what make someone stand out because they have that and teaching experience.

  9. Anon International GS

    I just wanted to thank Amanda for the tip about talking to the chair in office hours — that sounds like a great idea. And thanks, too, for making more salient the adjuncting stuff in general!

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